Asymptotics of the solitary waves for the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations (Q934241)

The paper deals with the solitary waves for the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations of the form \[ \partial_tu+u^p\partial_1u+\partial_1^3u-\sum_{j=2}^N\partial_ju_j=0, \tag{1} \] \[ \forall_j\in\{2,\dots,n\}, \quad \partial_1u_j=\partial_ju, \tag{2} \] where: \(p={m\over n}\) is rational (where \(m\) and \(n\) are relatively prime and \(n\) is odd) the function \(u\to u^p\) is defined by the standard convention \[ \forall u\in\mathbb R,\quad u^p={\text{sign}}(u)^m| u| ^p. \] The solitary waves for the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation are the solutions of (1), (2) of the form \[ u(t,x)=u(x_1-ct,x_\perp),\qquad x_\perp=(x_2,\dots,x_N), \] which belong to the closure \(u\) of the space \(\partial_1C_0^\infty(\mathbb R^N)\), with respect to the norm \[ \forall\varphi\in C_0^\infty(\mathbb R^N),\quad \| \partial_1\varphi\| _Y=(\| \nabla\varphi\| _{L^2(\mathbb R^N)}^2+ \| \partial_{1,1}^2\varphi\| _{L^2(\mathbb R^N)}^2)^{1/2}. \] They are critical points on \(Y\) of the action \(S\) defined by \[ \forall v\in Y,\quad S(v)=E(v)+{c\over2}\int_{\mathbb R^N}v^2\,dt, \] where \(E\) denotes the energy associated to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations \[ E(v)={1\over2}\int_{\mathbb R^N}\left(\partial_1v(x)^2+\sum_{j=2}^Nv_j(x)^2\right)\,dx -{1\over(p+1)(p+2)}\int_{\mathbb R^N}v(x)^{p+2}\,dx. \] The parameter \(c>0\) is the speed of the solitary wave which moves in the direction \(x_1\). (They can make the additional assumption \(c=1\).) The goal of this paper is to investigate the asymptotic behaviour of a solitary wave for the equation (1), (2) in any dimension \(N\geq2\). In the proof of the theorem presented in this paper the author uses the Fourier transformation, theory of tempered distribution, integral representations of some classes of tempered distribution. At the end, the author presents the link between the asymptotics and the energy of the solitary waves for the standard Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation.