Beurling-type representation of invariant subspaces in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (Q939151)

By the Beurlings theorem, a closed subspace \(M\) of the Hardy space \(H^2(\mathbb D)\) is invariant for all multipliers if and only if there exists an inner function \(\phi\) such that the orthogonal projection \(P_M\) onto \(M\) can be written as \(P_M=M_\phi M_\phi^*\). In the present paper, a more general concept is introduced: an invariant subspace of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space is said to be Beurling decomposable if there exist multipliers \(\phi_1\) and \(\phi_2\) such that the orthogonal projection \(P_M\) onto \(M\) can be written as \[ P_M=M_{\phi_1} M_{\phi_1}^*-M_{\phi_2}M_{\phi_2}^* \] and \(M=\text{ran}\,M_{\phi_1}\) holds. In one of the main results, it is shown that Beurling decomposable subspaces can be characterized by means of their core functions. This leads also to a characterization of the finite-dimensional and finite rank Beurling decomposable subspaces of a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. The general results are applied to a class of analytic Hilbert modules and it is shown that the finite codimensional submodules are algebraically generated by finitely many polynomials. Furthermore, as an example, the Beurling decomposable subspaces of the Bergman space \(L^2_a(\mathbb D)\) are described.