Non-constant curves of genus 2 with infinite pro-Galois covers (Q940744)

The article deals with projective limit of projective systems of (unramified) Galois cover over a curve, called \textit{pro-Galois curve cover}. Let \(p\) be an odd prime and \(N\) be on odd integer. Let \(S\) be a smooth variety over a finite field of characteristic \(p\). We assume that there is an \(S\)-isogeny \(\tau : E \to E'\) between two elliptic curves over \(S\) having degree \(N\). The kernel of the multiplication by \([2]\) is denoted \(E[2]\), the image of the zero section by \([0_E]\). We denote by \(E[2]^{\sharp}\) the \(S\)-scheme \(E[2] \setminus [0_E]\). Let \(P=E/<-1>\) and \(P'=E'/<-1>\) with projections \(\rho\) and \(\rho'\) respectively. There exists a unique \(S\)-isomorphism \(\gamma : P \to P'\) such that \[ \rho' \circ \tau| _{E[2]^{\sharp}} =\gamma \circ \rho| _{E[2]^{\sharp}}. \] Assume : [1] for no geometric point \(s\) of \(S\), there exists an isomorphism \(\alpha : E_s \to E'_s\) such that \(\alpha| _{E_s[2]}=\tau_s| _{E_s[2]}\). [2] \(\gamma(\rho([0_E])\) and \(\rho'([0_{E'}])\) are disjoint. Let \(C\) be the normalization of the integral scheme \(E \times_{P'} E'\). \(C\) is a curve of genus \(2\) over \(S\). The authors prove the following theorem. Theorem. There exists a connected Galois cover \(T \to S\) with Galois group a (finite) elementary abelian \(2\)-group such that the curve \(C_T\) over \(T\) has a pro-Galois curve cover whose Galois group \(G\) fits into an exact sequence \[ 1 \to \prod_{i=1}^{\infty} A_{n_i} \to G \to (\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z})^r \to 1 \] with \(r \leq 4\), \(n_i\) are pairwise distinct integers and \(A_{n_i}\) is the alternating group on \(n_i\) elements. They also give some explicit examples. The outline of the proof is the following. Using results from [Collect. Math. 57, No. 1, 1--25 (2006; Zbl 1100.14023)], they show that \(C\) is a curve of genus \(2\) whose Jacobian is isomorphic to \(E \times E'\). Then they show that there are infinitely many covers from \(C\) to \(E\) with the same ramification and branch loci and pairwise distinct degrees. The result follows.