Faces of simplexes of invariant measures (Q940768)

An assignment is a function \(\Psi\) defined on an abstract metrizable Choquet simplex \({\mathcal K}\), taking values in the set of measure preserving transformations: for \(p\in{\mathcal K}\), \(\Psi(p)= (X_p,\Sigma_p,\mu_p,T_p)\), where \(T_p\) is an endomorphism of a standard probability space \((X_p,\Sigma_p,\mu_p)\). Two such assignments \(\Psi\) and \(\Psi'\) defined on simplices \({\mathcal K}\) and \({\mathcal K}'\) are equivalent if there exists an affine homeomorphism \(\pi:{\mathcal K}\to{\mathcal K}'\) such that \(\Psi(p)\) and \(\Psi'(p)\) are isomorphic as measure preserving transformations for all \(p\in{\mathcal K}\). If \(T:X\to X\) is a continuous map of a compact metric space and \({\mathcal K}\) is the set of all \(T\)-invariant measures supported on \(X\) with the weak* topology, \(\Psi(\mu)= (X,\Sigma_{\mathcal B},\mu,T)\) (where \(\Sigma_{\mathcal B}\) is the Borel \(\sigma\)-field) is the natural assignment of \((X,T)\). The main result of this paper, extending results from [the author, Isr. J. Math. 156, 93--110 (2006; Zbl 1131.37012)] is: Let \((X,T)\) be a zero-dimensional dynamical system and \({\mathcal K}\) a face of the simplex \({\mathcal P}\) of the invariant measures of \((X,T)\), where \({\mathcal K}\) contains no periodic measures. Then there exists another zero-dimensional dynamical system \((Y,S)\) whose natural assignment is equivalent to the identity assignment on \({\mathcal K}\). As an application, it is shown that any formal simplex spanned by any choice of countably many nonperiodic ergodic measures can be realized in a minimal system. Another application gives a noninvertible version of a universal minimal system due to \textit{B. Weiss} [Contemp. Math. 94, 321--326 (1989; Zbl 0754.28013)].