On a Calderón-Zygmund commutator-type estimate (Q944358)

For positive real numbers \(a\) and \(b\), the notation \(a\lesssim b\) indicates that \(a\leq C b\) where \(C>0.\) The main result of the paper is a Calderón-Zygmund commutator-type estimate and a consequent embedding result concerning weighted function spaces. Namely, the authors prove that for a function \(P\in L^{1}({\mathbb R}^n)\) which satisfies, for \({\varepsilon}>0\), \(0<s<1\), and \(j\in {\mathbb N} \setminus \{0\} ,\) \[ \int_{2^{j-1}\leq \left|{x}\right|\leq 2^{j}}\left|{P(x)}\right| \, dx \lesssim 2^{-j({\varepsilon}+s)}, \qquad \int_{\left|{x}\right|\leq 1}\left|{P(x)}\right|\, dx\lesssim 1, \] and defining \(P_k=2^{nk}P(2^{k}x)\), for all \(k\in {\mathbb Z}\), it holds, for any \(f,\,g\in {\mathcal S}({\mathbb R}^n)\), \[ \left\|{\int P_k(y)\left({f(x)-f(x-y)}\right)g(x-y) \, dy }\right\|_{L^{r}} \lesssim 2^{-ks}\left\|{{\left|D\right|}}^s f\right\|_{L^{p}}\left\|{g}\right\|_{L^{q}}, \] provided that \(1\leq p,q,r \leq \infty\) and \(\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}=\frac{1}{r}\). In particular, this ensures also the commutator estimate \[ \left\|{P_kD^\delta(fg) - f P_kD^\delta(g)}\right\|_{L^r}\lesssim 2^{(\delta-s)k} \left\|{{\left|D\right|}^s f}\right\|_{L^p} \left\|{g}\right\|_{L^q}, \] for all \(k\in {\mathbb Z},\) all functions \(f, g\in {\mathcal S}({\mathbb R}^n)\) and all \(1\leq p,q,r \leq \infty\) such that \(\frac{1}{p}+\frac{1}{q}=\frac{1}{r}\) and \(0<s-\delta<1.\) The authors also briefly describe applications of these commutator estimates to problems of well-posedness for a class of evolution equations of the type \(i u_t(t,x) + P(D) u(t,x) = F\), \(t \geq 0\), \(x \in {\mathbb R}^n\) and \(u(0,x) = u_0(x)\), where the symbol \(P(\xi)\) could be either a scalar or a real matrix having certain regularity properties.