The base components of the dualizing sheaf of a curve on a surface (Q948897)

This note analyzes the properties of \(| \omega_D| \) where \(D\) is a 1-connected curve on a smooth algebraic projective surface \(S\). In particular, the authors study the fixed part \(F\) of \(| \omega_D| \) showing that every irreducible component of \(F\) is a smooth rational curve. This can be done by considering \(0\)-maximal sections of the sheaf \(\omega_Z\) where \(Z\) is a curve in \(F\). For any reducible curve \(C\) on a smooth surface \(S\) and for any invertible sheaf \(\mathcal L\) on \(C\) with \(H^0(C, \mathcal L)\neq 0\), let us consider a section \(s\neq 0\) such that \(s\) vanishes identically on some component of \(C\). Let \(C_s\) the biggest curve in \(C\) with \(s_{| C_s}=0\). Then \(s\) is a \(0\)-maximal section if there is no global section \(t\neq 0\) such that \(C_s\leq C_t\). Using this tool, one can compute the numerical data of the irreducible components of \(F\) and obtain information about the restriction maps \(H^0(D,\omega_D)\longrightarrow H^0(C, \omega_D)\) for these components.