Finite-dimensional modules for the polynomial ring in one variable as a vertex algebra (Q949601)

It is well-known that an associative commutative algebra \(A\) with a derivation \(D\) turns into a vertex algebra (denoted by \((A,D)\)) by means of \[ Y(a,z) = \sum\limits_{n\geq 0} \frac{1}{n!} L_{D^{n} a} z^n \in (\mathrm{End}\, A )[z,z^{-1}], \] where \(L_x\) stands for the operator of left multiplication by \(x\in A\). In a similar way one can construct a module over a vertex algebra. In particular, for the polynomial algebra \(A=\mathbb C[t]\) with a derivation \(D=f(t)\frac{d}{dt}\), not all vertex modules over \((\mathbb C[t], D)\) come from ordinary ones, i.e., there may exist ``exceptional'' modules. In the paper under review, it is shown that finite-dimensional exceptional modules exist for \((\mathbb C[t], D)\) if and only if \(\deg f=2\). In this case, all such indecomposable modules are described. A similar result is obtained for \(g\)-twisted modules over the vertex algebra \((\mathbb C[t], D)\), when \(g\) is an automorphism of finite order preserving \(\mathbb C[t]\). It is shown that finite-dimensional \(g\)-twisted modules exist if and only if \(f(t)=c_1t + c_{p+1} t^{p+1}\), \(c_{p+1}\neq 0\). In this case, all such indecomposable modules are described.