Distinguished principal series representations of \(\mathrm{GL}(n)\) over a \(p\)-adic field (Q953169)

Let \(E/F\) be a quadratic extension of local fields. Denote by \(\sigma\) the nontrivial automorphism of \(E\) over \(F\). The main result of this nice paper is: an irreducible representation \(\pi(\chi)\) normalizedly induced from the character \(\chi=(\chi_1,\dots,\chi_n)\) of the Borel subgroup of \(\text{GL}(n,E)\) is distinguished iff there is a reordering of the \(\chi_i\) and an \(r\leq n/2\) with \(\chi_{i+1}^\sigma=\chi_i^{-1}\) for \(i=1,\,3,\dots,\,2r-1\) and \(\chi_i|F^{\times}=1\) for \(i>2r\). Consequently, when \(n\geq 3\), there is a smooth irreducible representation \(\pi\) of \(\text{GL}(n,E)\) with central character trivial on \(F^\times\), whose smooth contragredient is equivalent to \(\pi^\sigma\), which is neither distinguished nor distinguished with respect to the character of \(F^\times/N_{E/F}E^\times\), contrary to an expectation of H. Jacquet. The paper ends with a \(\gamma\)-factor criterion for a representation \(\pi\) of \(\text{GL}(n,E)\) to be distinguished.