Superposition operator in a space of infinitely differentiable functions (Q957471)

The article deals with the superposition operator \(u(x) \mapsto f(u(x))\) generated by a function \(f:{\mathbb R}\to{\mathbb R}\) and acting in the space \(V({\mathbb R}^d)\) of infinitely differentiable functions \(u:{\mathbb R}^d\to{\mathbb R}^d\) such that, for each bounded subset \(\Omega\subset{\mathbb R}^d\), the inequalities \[ \sup_{\alpha\in(\{0\}\cup{\mathbb N})^d}\,\sup_{x \in \Omega}\, |D^\alpha u(x)|<\infty \] hold. The main result is the following: if \(f(V({\mathbb R}^d)) \subset V({\mathbb R}^d)\), then \(f(t) = at + b\), where \(a\) and \(b\) are constants from \({\mathbb R}\). This theorem gives answer to a problem B.\,Ricceri and makes more precise known results about the superposition results in spaces of infinitely differentiable functions.