Sub-shadowings (Q960901)

The authors consider an extended concept of \(\delta\) pseudo-orbit called \(\delta\)-ergodic pseudo-orbit. They show that if any \(\delta\)-ergodic pseudo-orbit is shadowed by a point along a set of positive lower density then this system is chain mixing and if it is minimal then it is topologically mixing and so has Li-Yorke Chaos. For a metric compact space \(X\) and a continuous surjective map \(f: X\rightarrow X\) the authors define a \(\delta\)-chain from \(x\) to \(y\) of length \(n\) as a finite sequence \(x_0 = x,x_1,x_2,\dots,x_n = y\) such that \(d(f(x_i),x_{i+1})\leq \delta\) for \(i = 0,\dots,n-1\). A sequence \(\xi = \{x_i\}_{i=0}^\infty\) is called a \(\delta\) pseudo-orbit if for any \(i\geq 0\), \(d(f(x_i),x_{i+1})\leq \delta\); it is called a \(\delta\)-ergodic pseudo-orbit if lim sup\(\frac{ | B_n^c(\xi,\delta)|}{n} = 0\), where \(B_n^c(\xi,\delta) =\{ i\in \{0,1,\dots,n\} : d(f(x_i),x_{i+1})\geq \delta\}.\) A \(\delta\) pseudo-orbit (resp. \(\delta\)-ergodic pseudo-orbit) is said to be \(\varepsilon\)-shadowed (resp. \(\varepsilon\)-ergodic-shadowed) by a true orbit if there exists \(z \in X\) such that for any \(i\geq 0\), \(d(f^i(z),x_i)\leq \varepsilon\). Suppose that \((X,f)\) is a topological dynamical system. If for any \(\varepsilon> 0\) there exists \(\delta > 0\) such that any \(\delta\)-ergodic pseudo-orbit \(\xi\) is \(\varepsilon\)-shadowed by a true orbit \(\{f^i(z)\}_{i\in \mathbb N}\) in such a way that either (1) \(\underline{d}(B(\varepsilon,\xi,z)) > 0\) or (2) \(\overline{d}(B\varepsilon,\xi,z)) > \frac{1}{2}\) then \(f\) is said to have the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property in case (1) and \(\overline{d}\)-shadowing in case (2). Where \(B(\varepsilon,\xi,z):=\cup_{n\geq0}B_n(z,\xi,\varepsilon)\) and \(B_n(z,\xi,\varepsilon):=\{ i\in \{0,1,\dots,n\} : d(f(x_i),x_{i+1})\leq\varepsilon\}\). The main results of the paper are: {\parindent4mm \begin{itemize}\item[--] Let \(f: X\rightarrow X\) be a continuous map. If \(f\) has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property or the \(\overline{d}\)-shadowing property then \(f\) is chain transitive. \item[--] If \(f: X\rightarrow X\) has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property then so does \(f^k\) for any \(k\geq 1\). In particular, \(f\) is totally chain transitive. \item[--] If \(f: X\rightarrow X\) has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property then it is chain mixing. \item[--] Suppose that \((X,f)\) is a minimal dynamical system with the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property. Then it is topologically weakly mixing. \item[--] Suppose \((X,f)\) is a topologically exact dynamical system and \(\xi = x_0,x_1,x_2,\dots\) is an arbitrary sequence in \(X\). Then for \(\varepsilon> 0\) there exists \(K(\varepsilon) \in \mathbb N\) such that for \(k \geq K(\varepsilon)\) there is \(z_k \in X\) such that \(d(f^{kn}(z_k),x_{kn}) <\varepsilon\) for any \(n\). In particular, \(f\) has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property. \item[--] Any transitive sofic subshift \(\sigma : \Sigma \rightarrow \Sigma\) with \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property is mixing. \item[--] If \(\sigma : \Sigma \rightarrow \Sigma\) is a SFT and has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property then it is mixing. Moreover, if \(\sigma\) is a SFT and is chain mixing then it has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property. In particular, any SFT is mixing iff it has the \(\underline{d}\)-shadowing property. \end{itemize}}