Normal weighted composition operators on the Hardy space (Q961099)

Let \(\varphi\) be an analytic function on the open unit disc \({\mathbb U}\) such that \(\varphi({\mathbb U})\subseteq {\mathbb U}\), and let \(\psi\) be an analytic function on \({\mathbb U}\) such that the weighted composition operator \(W_{\psi,\varphi}\equiv\psi f\circ \varphi\) is bounded on the Hardy space \(H^{2}({\mathbb U})\). In this paper, the authors characterize those weighted composition on \(H^{2}({\mathbb U})\) that are unitary, showing that in contrast to the unweighted case (\(\psi\equiv 1\)), every automorphism of \({\mathbb U}\) induces a unitary weighted composition operator. Using these unitary operators together with a conjugation argument, the authors describe all normal weighted composition operators on \(H^{2}({\mathbb U})\) for which the inducing map \(\varphi\) fixes a point in \({\mathbb U}\). The authors prove that this description shows that both \(\psi\) and \(\varphi\) must be linear fractional in order for \(W_{\psi,\varphi}\) to be normal by assuming that \(\varphi\) fixes a point in \({\mathbb U}\). Furthermore, the authors show that if \(W_{\psi,\varphi}\) is normal on \(H^{2}({\mathbb U})\) and \(\psi\not\equiv 0\), then either \(\varphi\) is univalent on \(U\) or constant and \(\psi(z)\) is univalent on \({\mathbb U}\) or constant and \(\psi(z)\) is nonzero at every \(z\in {\mathbb U}\). Finally, the authors provide descriptions of the spectrum for the composition operator \(W_{\psi,\varphi}:\, H^2({\mathbb U})\to H^2({\mathbb U})\) when it is unitary or when it is normal and \(\varphi\) fixes a point in \({\mathbb U}\).