On the existence, uniqueness, and basis properties of radial eigenfunctions of a semilinear second-order elliptic equation in a ball (Q963488)

Summary: We consider the following eigenvalue problem: \(-\Delta u+f(u)=\lambda u\), \(u=u(x)\), \(x\in B= \{x\in\mathbb R^3:|x|<1\}\), \(u(0)=p>0\), \(u|_{|x|=1}=0\), where \(p\) is an arbitrary fixed parameter and \(f\) is an odd smooth function. First, we prove that for each integer \(n\geq 0\) there exists a radially symmetric eigenfunction \(u_n\) which possesses precisely \(n\) zeros being regarded as a function of \(r=|x|\in[0,1)\). For \(p>0\) sufficiently small, such an eigenfunction is unique for each \(n\). Then, we prove that if \(p>0\) is sufficiently small, then an arbitrary sequence of radial eigenfunctions \(\{u_n\}_{n=0,1,2,\dots}\), where for each \(n\) the \(n\)th eigenfunction \(u_n\) possesses precisely \(n\) zeros in \([0,1)\), is a basis in \(L_2^r(B)\) (\(L_2^r(B)\) is the subspace of \(L_2(B)\) that consists of radial functions from \(L_2(B)\). In addition, in the latter case, the sequence \(\{u_n/\|u_n\|_{L_2(B)}\}_{n=0,1,2,\dots}\) is a Bari basis in the same space.