Some comments on almost periodicity and related topics (Q969211)

This paper is a survey of almost periodicity and its generalizations such as pseudo almost periodicity of differential equations and functional equations. The paper involves some comments and results related to the classical aspects of the theory of almost periodicity (in the sense of Bohr), but also excursions into recent applications and newly generated concepts such as pseudo-almost periodic functions. The author first introduces a theorem ``in the first approximation'' for differential equations of the form \[ \dot x(t)=(Lx)(t)+(fx)(t), \] which is viewed as a nonlinear perturbation of the linear equation \[ \dot x(t)=(Lx)(t)+f(t). \] It is proved that, if the linear equation has a unique almost periodic solution for any \(f\) being almost periodic and satisfying a global Lipschitz condition in the space of almost periodic functions, then the above nonlinear perturbed equation also admits a unique almost periodic solution. This conclusion also holds for more general classes of functions such as continuous and bounded functions, uniformly continuous functions, pseudo almost periodic functions. Then, the author states the existence of a unique solution to the linear equation \[ \dot x(t)=(Lx)(t)+f(t) \] of the same type as that of the nonlinear perturbation \(f\). Finally, the author investigates the problem for functional equations of the form \[ x(t)=(Lx)(t)+(fx)(t) \] and neutral functional equations of the form \[ (Vx)(t)=(Wx)(t). \] The proofs are mainly based on fixed point theorems (Banach, Schauder).