Minimal sequences and the Kadison-Singer problem (Q974312)

The Kadison-Singer Problem in \(C^*\)-algebras is equivalent to the Feichtinger Conjecture, which states that every bounded frame is a finite union of Riesz sequences. This paper deals with the Feichtinger Conjecture for Exponentials (FCE): For every non-trivial measurable set \(S \subset \mathbb{T}\), the sequence \(\{\chi_S e^{2\pi ikt}\}_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}\), where \(\chi_S\) denotes the characteristic function of \(S\), is a finite union of Riesz sequences in \(L^2(\mathbb{T})\). The main result of this paper states that \(\{\chi_S e^{2\pi ikt}\}_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}\) is a finite union of Riesz sequences if and only if there exists a syndetic subset \(\Lambda \subset \mathbb{Z}\) such that \(\{\chi_S e^{2\pi ikt}\}_{k\in\Lambda}\) is a Riesz sequence, and if and only if \(\{\chi_S e^{2\pi ikt}\}_{k\in\Lambda}\) is a Riesz sequence for some nonempty subset \(\Lambda \subset \mathbb{Z}\) with the property that the smallest shift space containing the characteristic sequence of \(\Lambda\) is a minimal nonempty closed invariant set with respect to the shift in \(\{0,1\}^{\mathbb{Z}}\). Moreover, it is shown that \(\{\chi_S e^{2\pi ikt}\}_{k\in\Lambda}\) is not a Riesz sequence when the upper Beurling density of \(\Lambda\) exceeds the measure of \(S\), or when \(S\) is a Cantor set of positive measure and \(\Lambda\) is a Bohr set. Some directions for further research on Riesz sequences and associated spectra are suggested.