Connes-amenability of multiplier Banach algebras (Q974783)

Let \(B\) be a Banach algebra with a bounded approximate identity, and let \(M(B)\) be its multiplier algebra under composition of maps with identity \(1_{M(B)}\). The authors prove that, if there exists a continuous linear injection \(B^* \rightarrow M(B)\) such that, for every \(u,v \in B^*\) and every \(b \in B,\) \(\langle u,vb \rangle _B = \langle v,bu \rangle _B\), then \(M(B)\) is a dual Banach algebra and the following are equivalent: {\parindent8mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(B\) is amenable; \item[(ii)] \(M(B)\) is Connes amenable; \item[(iii)] \(M(B)\) has a normal, virtual diagonal. \end{itemize}} This main theorem improves Proposition 4.2 in [\textit{V.\,Runde}, ``Amenability for dual Banach algebras'', Stud.\ Math.\ 148, No.\,1, 47--66 (2001; Zbl 1003.46028)].