Multiple positive solutions of second-order Sturm-Liouville boundary value problems for impulsive differential equations (Q976562)

The authors consider the impulsive boundary value problem for ordinary differential equations of second order \[ \begin{aligned} &-(\rho(t) \Phi_p(x'(t)))' + s(t) \Phi_p(x(t))= \lambda f(t,x(t)), \quad t \in [0,T],\;t \neq t_i,\\ &-\triangle(\rho(t_i) \Phi_p(x'(t_i))) = \lambda I_i(x(t_i)), \quad i = 1,\ldots,l,\\ &\alpha x'(0) - \beta x(0) = 0, \;\gamma x'(T) + \sigma x(T) = 0, \end{aligned} \] where \(0 < t_1 < \ldots < t_l < T\); \(\Phi_p(x) = |x|^{p-2}x\), where \(p > 1\); \(\rho,s \in L^\infty[0,T]\); \(\lambda > 0\); \(f\) is continuous and nonnegative on \([0,T]\times[0,\infty)\); \(I_k\) are continuous and nonnegative on \([0,\infty)\). The existence of at least three positive solutions of the BVP (for \(s \equiv 0\) and \(\text{ess\;inf}\;s > 0\), separately) are obtained. The proofs are based on the three critical points theorem.