On the fourth Johnson homomorphism of the automorphism group of a free group. (Q984422)

If \(F_n\) is the free group of rank \(n\), then \(IA_n\) denotes the subgroup of \(\Aut(F_n)\), consisting of the automorphisms of \(F_n\) inducing the identity on \(F_n/F_n'\). Let \(IA_n=\mathcal A_n(1)\supset\mathcal A_n(2)\supset\cdots\) be the Johnson filtration of \(\Aut(F_n)\), where \(\mathcal A_n(k)\) consists of the automorphisms of \(F_n\) which induce the identity on \(F_n/\Gamma(k+1)\), \(\Gamma (k+1)\) the \((k+1)\)-st term of the lower central series of \(F_n\) and \(\mathcal A_n'(k)\) the \(k\)-th term of the lower central series of \(IA_n\). We always have \(\mathcal A_n'(k)\subset\mathcal A_n(k)\) and it is an open problem whether \(\mathcal A_n'(k)=\mathcal A_n(k)\) for \(n\geq 4\). In this paper the author defines the Johnson homomorphism \(\tau_k'\colon\mathrm{gr}^k(\mathcal A_n')\to H^*\otimes_\mathbb{Z}\mathcal L_n(k+1)\) where \(\mathrm{gr}^k(\mathcal A_n')\) is the quotient \(\mathcal A_n'(k)/\mathcal A_n'(k+1)\), \(H\) is the Abelianization of \(F_n\), \(H^*\) the dual of \(H\), i.e. \(H^*=\Hom_\mathbb{Z}(H,\mathbb{Z})\), and \(\mathcal L_n(k)=\Gamma(k)/\Gamma(k+1)\), in the associated Lie algebra \(\mathcal L=\bigoplus_{k\geq 1}\mathcal L(k)\) of \(F_n\). The main result is: For any \(n\geq 6\), \[ \mathrm{Coker}(\tau_{4,\mathbb{Q}}')=S^4H_\mathbb{Q}\oplus H_\mathbb{Q}^{[2,1^2]}\oplus H_\mathbb{Q}^{[2,2]}. \] Avoiding to give the definitions of the symbols in the statement of the theorem we can give the important Corollary: For \(n\geq 6\), \[ \mathrm{rank}_\mathbb{Z}(\mathrm{gr}^4(\mathcal A_n))\geq\tfrac{1}{5}n^2(n^4-1)-\tfrac{1}{4}n(n+1)(n^2-n+2). \]