The convolution algebra \(H^{1}(R)\) (Q989236)

In this brief paper many interesting facts on the Hardy space \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) are established. Since it is well known that \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) has better mapping properties than \(L^1(\mathbb R)\), the authors investigate whether the properties of \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) as a convolution algebra are similarly better than those of \(L^1(\mathbb R)\). It turns out that, in general, \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) is apparently as badly behaved for synthesis as \(L^1(\mathbb R)\), but the cancellation properties of \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) functions sometimes cause differences of behavior. One of the main results of the paper is that approximate identity sequences in \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) are unbounded. This is proved by constructing one such sequence \(\{v_n\}\) based on the de la Vallée-Poussin mean. It is proved that \(c(1+\ln n)\leq \|v_n\|_{H^1(\mathbb R)}\leq Cn^{1/2}\). The proof of this and some other results uses a Banach algebra \(Q\) that properly lies between \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) and \(L^1(\mathbb R)\). The maximal ideal space of \(H^1(\mathbb R)\) is identified and the appropriate version of Wiener's Tauberian theorem is given.