Asymptotic behavior of solutions of stochastic evolution equations for second grade fluids (Q990209)

A stochastic equation of the second grade fluid with a stress modulus \(\alpha\) \[ d(u-\alpha\Delta u)+(-\nu\Delta u+\text{curl}(u-\alpha\Delta u)\times u+\nabla P)\,dt=F\,dt+G\,d\mathcal W\quad\text{on}\quad [0,T] \] \[ \text{div} u=0,\qquad\int_D u\,dx,\qquad u(0)=u_0 \] on a square \(D=[0,L]^2\) with the periodic boundary condition, where \(\mathcal W\) is an \(m\)-dimensional Wiener process, \(\nu>0\) and \[ P=-\tilde p-\frac 12|u|^2+\alpha u\cdot\Delta u+\frac\alpha 4\text{tr}[\nabla u+(\nabla u)^t], \] is considered in the sense of distributions. If \(V\) and \(H\) are closures of the space of smooth periodic divergence free and zero space average functions in \(H^1\) and \(L^2\), respectively, \(F\) and \(G\) are deterministic and their paths belong to \(L^p(0,T_+;V)\) for every \(p\in[2,\infty)\), \(u_0\) is deterministic, \(V\cap H^3\)-valued and bounded in \(V\) and \(\alpha>0\) then the equation above is known to have a unique strong solution (adapted to the filtration of \(\mathcal W\)) whose paths are weakly \(V\)-continuous. The main result of the paper states that there exists a probability space \((\Omega,\mathcal F,P)\), a sequence \(\alpha_j\to 0\), solutions \((u^{\alpha_j},\mathcal W^{\alpha_j})\) and a process \((u,\mathcal W)\) such that \({\mathcal W}^{\alpha_j}\to\mathcal W\) uniformly, \(u^{\alpha_j}\to u\) weakly in \(L^p(\Omega,L^2(0,T;V))\) and \(*\)-weakly in \(L^p(\Omega,L^\infty(0,T;H))\) for every \(p\in[2,\infty)\) and \(u\) is a solution of \[ dv+(-\nu\Delta v+(v\cdot\nabla v)+\nabla\mathcal P)\,dt=F\,dt+G\,d\mathcal W\quad\text{on}\quad [0,T] \] \[ \text{div} v=0,\qquad\int_D v\,dx,\qquad v(0)=u_0. \] Finally, it is remarked that the latter (stochastic Navier-Stokes) equation is known to have unique probabilistic strong solutions, hence \(u\) is the unique solution.