Matrix algebras of polynomial codimension growth. (Q995371)

Let \(F\langle X\rangle\) be the free associative algebra with unity over an infinite field \(F\) on the countable set \(X=\{x_1,x_2,\dots\}\). For any PI-algebra \(A\), \(c_n(A)=\dim_FV_n/V_n\cap T(A)\) where \(T(A)\) is the ideal of all polynomial identities of \(A\) and \(V_n\) is the space of all multilinear polynomials in \(x_1,\dots,x_n\) (\(n\geq 0\)). Let also \(U_k\) be the algebra of \(k\times k\) upper triangular matrices with equal entries in the main diagonal. The authors prove that i) if \(A\) is a unitary \(F\)-algebra and \(c_n(A)\approx qn^k\) (\(n\to\infty\)), \(q=\sum_{j=2}^{k-1}\tfrac{(-1)^j}{j!}\), then \(T(A)\supseteq T(U_{k+1})\); ii) if \(A\) is a unitary algebra over a field \(F\) of characteristic zero and \(c_n(A)\leq an^3\) (for some number \(a\geq 1\)) then either \(T(A)=T(F)\) or \(T(A)=T(U_3)\), or \(T(A)=T(U_4)\); iii) if \(G_{2k}\) be the Grassmann algebra with unity on a \(2k\)-dimensional vector space over a field \(F\) then \(T(G_{2k})\) is generated by the polynomials \([x_1,x_2,x_3]\), \([x_1,x_2]\cdots[x_{2k+1},x_{2k+2}]\) and \(c_n(G_{2k})\approx\tfrac{1}{(2k)!}\cdot n^{2k}\) (\(n\to\infty\)); iv) if \(J=\sum_{i=1}^{k-1}e_{ii+1}\in U_k\) and \(N_k\) is generated by the matrices \(\{E,J,e_{12},e_{13},\dots,e_{1k}\}\), then a basis of \(N_k\) is given by the polynomials \([x_1,x_2,\dots,x_k]\), \([x_1,x_2][x_3,x_4]\) and \(c_n(N_k)\approx\tfrac{(k-2)}{(k-1)!}n^{k-1}\) (\(n\to\infty\)), \(k\geq 3\).