Sharp estimates for intrinsic ultracontractivity on \(C^{1,\alpha}\)-domains (Q996062)

Let \(D\) be a connected bounded Lipschitz domain in \(\mathbb R^d\) and let \(\Delta\) be the scalar Laplacian. Impose Dirichlet boundary conditions and let \(\text{spec}(\Delta)=\{0<\lambda_1<\lambda_2\dots\}\) be the spectrum where each eigenvalue has finite multiplicity. Let \(\phi>0\) be the first Dirichlet eigenfunction. Assume the boundary is \(C^{1,\alpha}\) for \(\alpha>0\). Let \(p_t^D\) be the Dirichlet heat kernel. Set \[ \xi_t:=e^{\lambda_1t}\sup_{x,y}p_t^D(x,y)\phi^{-1}(x)\phi^{-1}(y)\,. \] The authors show \[ \max\{1,c^{-1}t^{-(d+2)/2}\}\leq\xi_t\leq 1+c(1\wedge t)^{-(d+2)/2}e^{-(\lambda_2-\lambda_1)t}\,. \] This generalizes previous work of \textit{E. B. Davies} [Heat kernels and spectral theory, Cambridge University Press (1989; Zbl 0699.35006)] who showed in the \(C^2\) context that \(\xi_t\leq 1+Ct^{-(d+2)/2}\).