\(k\)-potence preserving maps without the linearity and surjectivity assumptions (Q996236)

The authors classify maps on complex \(n\)-by-\(n\) matrices, which strongly preserve \text {\(k\)-potency} of matrix pencils. More precisely, the following is derived: Let \(k\geq 2\) be a fixed integer. Suppose \[ (A-\lambda B)^k=(A-\lambda B)\Longleftrightarrow \bigl(\Phi(A)-\lambda \Phi(B)\bigr)^k=(\Phi(A)-\lambda \Phi(B)) \] holds for any \(n\)-by-\(n\) complex matrices \(A,B\) and any complex number \(\lambda\). Then, for some \((k-1)\)-th root of unity, \(c\), either \(\Phi(X)=c PXP^{-1}\) or \(\Phi(X)=c PX^tP^{-1}\). No bijectivity or additivity of \(\Phi\) is assumed in advance.