Skew-coninvolutory matrices (Q996310)

A square complex matrix \(E\) is called coninvolutory if \(E\overline E=I\), that is, \(E\) is nonsingular and \(E^{-1}=E\). The authors study the properties of skew-coninvolutory matrices, i.e., square complex matrices \(E\) with \(E\overline E=-I\), and derive canonical forms and a singular value decomposition. They study the matrix function \(\psi_S(A)=S \overline A^{-1}S^{-1}\), defined on nonsingular matrices and with \(S\) satisfying \(S\overline S=I\) or \(S\overline S=-I\). They show that every square nonsingular matrix \(A\) may be written as \(A=XY\) with \(\psi_S(X)=X\) and \(\psi_S(Y)=Y^{-1}\). They also give necessary and sufficient conditions on when a nonsingular matrix may be written as a product of a coninvolutory matrix and a skew-coninvolutory matrix or a product of two skew-coninvolutory matrices. Moreover, when \(A\) is similar to \(\overline A^{-1}\), or when \(A\) is similar to \(-\overline A^{-1}\), or when \(A\) is similar to \(\overline A\), or when \(A\) is similar to \(-\overline A\), the authors determine the possible Jordan canonical forms of \(A\) for which the similarity matrix may be taken to be skew-coninvolutory.