Cyclic vectors of diagonal operators on the space of functions analytic on a disk (Q996906)

Let \(X\) be a topological vector space. A linear continuous operator \(T:X\to X\) is said to be \textit{cyclic} when there is a vector \(x\in X\) (called cyclic vector for \(T\)) such that the linear span of its orbit under \(T\) is dense in \(X\). A closed subspace \(M\) of \(X\) is \textit{invariant} for \(T\) if \(T(M)\subset M\). The closed linear span of the orbit of any vector is the smallest invariant subspace under \(T\) containing \(x\), so a vector \(x\) is cyclic if and only if the smallest invariant subspace containing \(x\) is the whole space \(X\). In the paper under review, the authors study cyclic properties of the so-called diagonal operator over \(H(r\mathbb D)\), defined by \[ D:\sum_{n\geq0}a_nz^n\mapsto\sum_{n\geq0}\lambda_na_nz^n, \] where \(\mathbb D\) is the open unit disk and \(r>0\). In particular, they state that \(D\) is cyclic if and only if the numbers \(\lambda_n\) are pairwise distinct and in this case, the set of cyclic vectors is dense. The same result in a more general setting can be found in a paper of \textit{L.\,Bernal--González, M.\,C.\thinspace Calderón--Moreno} and the reviewer [Acta Math.\ Hung.\ 114, No.\,4, 287--300 (2007; Zbl 1129.47006)] where, moreover, it is shown the residuality of the set of cyclic vectors. In addition, the authors prove that if \({\mathcal D}_0\) denote the collection of all diagonal operators on \(H(r\mathbb D)\) each of whose set of eigenvalues \(\{\lambda_n\}\) satisfies that \(\inf\{| \lambda_i-\lambda_j|: i\neq j\}>0\), then \({\mathcal D}_0\) has a dense set of common cyclic vectors. Finally, they characterize when \(D\) admits a spectral synthesis, that is, when every closed invariant subspace \(M\) for \(D\) equals the closed linear span of the eigenvectors for \(D\) contained in \(M\).