Knot projections with reductivity two

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2015.07.006MaRDI QIDQ492266zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Noboru Ito, Yusuke Takimura

Publication date 20 August 2015

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.10257

zbMATH Keywords

chord diagramknot projectionreductivityspherical curve

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Embeddings and immersions in PL-topology (57Q35)

Abstract: Reductivity of knot projections refers to the minimum number of splices of double points needed to obtain reducible knot projections. Considering the type and method of splicing (Seifert type splice or non-Seifert type splice, recursively or simultaneously), we can obtain four reductivities containing Shimizu's reductivity, three of which are new. In this paper, we determine knot projections with reductivity two for all four of the definitions. We also provide easily calculated lower bounds for some reductivities. Further, we detail properties of each reductivity, and describe relationships among the four reductivities with examples.

Review text

The authors establish a necessary and sufficient condition for Shimizu reductivity two, with circles intersecting diagrams at three or two crossings in certain ways. As a consequence, the chord diagram of any such projection must contain a certain sub-diagram. This extends their earlier result for Shimizu reductivity one [``Triple chords and strong (1,2) homotopy, J. Math. Soc. Japan, to appear]. They also introduce three new types of reductivity, relate them to each other, and fully determine knot projections up to reductivity two for all of them.

Recommendations

• On the orientations of monotone knot diagrams
• Thirty-two equivalence relations on knot projections
• Any nontrivial knot projection with no triple chords has a monogon or a bigon
• The reductivity of spherical curves
• Knot projections

Cites work

• Strong and weak (1, 2) homotopies on knot projections and new invariants
• THE HALF-TWISTED SPLICE OPERATION ON REDUCED KNOT PROJECTIONS
• The reductivity of spherical curves
• Triple chords and strong (1, 2) homotopy

Cited in

(6)

• The reductivity of spherical curves. II: 4-gons
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4211080 (Why is no real title available?)
• THE HALF-TWISTED SPLICE OPERATION ON REDUCED KNOT PROJECTIONS
• On the orientations of monotone knot diagrams
• RII number of knot projections
• The reductivity of spherical curves

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