Lineability of linearly sensitive functions

Vector spaces, linear dependence, rank, lineability (15A03) Continuity and related questions (modulus of continuity, semicontinuity, discontinuities, etc.) for real functions in one variable (26A15) Lineability in functional analysis (46B87)

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A function $f:[0,1] \to \mathbb{R}$ is said to be linearly sensitive with respect to a property (P) if $f$ has (P) but $f + a\cdot \mathrm{id}$ does not have (P) for any $a \in \mathbb{R}$, $a \neq 0$. The authors show the set of functions that enjoy linear sensitivity with respect to various properties is $c$-lineable. For instance, recall that a function $f$ satisfies the Luzin (N)-property if $f$ takes null sets to sets of measure $0$. Let $A_N$ be the collection of continuous $f$ that are linearly sensitive with respect to (N). Theorem. $A_N$ is $c$-lineable. Two examples are given involving the Świątkowski condition, which a function $f$ satisfies provided that, for all $x_1 < x_2$ such that $f(x_1) \neq f(x_2)$, there is some point $x \in (x_1,x_2)$ such that $f$ is continuous at $x$ and that $f(x)$ is between $f(x_1)$ and $f(x_2)$. Theorem. The family $A_{S}$ of all Baire one functions that are linearly sensitive with respect to the Świątkowski condition is $c$-lineable. The general method of proof uses the following result: Let $M \subset \{G:[0,1] \to \mathbb{R}\}$. Suppose that there is a sequence of disjoint closed subsets $([a_n,b_n]) \subset [0,1]$ and a sequence $(F_n:[a_n,b_n] \to \mathbb{R})$ such that, for any $A \subset \mathbb{N}$ and any bounded sequence of non-zero real numbers $(\alpha_i)_{i \in A}$, the function \[G(x) = \alpha_iF_i(x) \text{ for }x \in [a_i,b_i],\ i \in A, \text{ and }G(x)=0\text{ otherwise}\] is in $M$. Then $M$ is $c$-lineable. Several interesting examples are provided.

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