Linear isometries between spaces of functions of bounded variation
Suppose \(f\) is a complex-valued function on a subset \(X\) of the real line with at least two points. Then the variation of \(f\) is defined as \[ V(f,X)= \sup\Biggl\{\sum^n_{k= 1}|f(x_k)- f(x_{k-1})|: n\geq 1, x_0,x_1,\dots, x_n\in X, x_0<x_1<\cdots< x_n\Biggr\}. \] The space \(BV(X)\) then consists of all complex-valued functions \(f\) on \(X\) such that \[ \|f\|=\|f\|_\infty+ V(f,X)< \infty, \] where \(\|f\|_\infty\) is the usual sup norm. It can be shown that \(BV(X)\) is a Banach space with the above norm. For two subsets \(X\) and \(Y\) of the real line, each with at least two points, the paper characterizes the surjective linear isometries from \(BV(X)\) to \(BV(Y)\). More specifically, it is shown that a mapping \(T: BV(X)\to BV(Y)\) is a surjective linear isometry if and only if there exist a unimodulus complex constant \(\alpha\) and a monotone bijective map \(h: Y\to X\) such that \((Tf)(y)= \alpha f(h(y))\) for all \(f\in BV(X)\) and \(y\in Y\).
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