Local Lie semigroups and open embeddings into global topological semigroups

conal curves conal path semigroup Dynkin algebra embeddings finite- dimensional Lie wedge finite-dimensional Lie algebra global topological semigroup local Lie semigroup local semigroup pointed cone real Lie group simply connected Lie group strictly positive cone tangent wedge

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Structure of topological semigroups (22A15) Other topological algebraic systems and their representations (22A30) General properties and structure of real Lie groups (22E15)

Review text

A subsemigroup A of a real Lie group G containing the identity 1 is called a Lie semigroup. If \({\mathcal U}\subseteq G\) is an open 1- neighborhood and \(S\subseteq {\mathcal U}\), then S is called local Lie semigroup if \(1\in S\) and SS\(\cap {\mathcal U}\subseteq S\). It was pointed out by \textit{J. Hilgert}, \textit{K. H. Hofmann} and \textit{J. D. Lawson} [Lie groups, convex cones and semigroups (Oxford Univ. Press, 1989; Zbl 0701.22001)] that each strictly positive cone and each finite-dimensional Lie wedge is a tangent wedge of some local semigroup. It is natural to ask whether this local semigroup can be embedded into a global topological semigroup such that the embedding preserves all existing products and the openness of its image. The author proves that each strictly positive cone in a Dynkin algebra is topologically global and each pointed cone within a finite-dimensional Lie algebra is also topologically global. Semigroups of conal curves and the embedding of local Lie semigroups into a conal path semigroup are particularly studied. Moreover, different open embeddings into topological semigroups and their functorial relationship are investigated. It is noted by the author that the local structure of the simply connected Lie group completely determines the structure of the limit conal path semigroup.

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