Local connectivity functions on arcwise connected spaces and certain continua

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2005.03.012MaRDI QIDQ818376zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 20 March 2006

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2005.03.012

\(\varepsilon\)-splitting set \(n\)-od arc-like (chainable) continuum atriodic continuum circle-like continuum composant connected function Darboux function dendrite hereditarily arcwise connected indecomposable irreducible monotone map Peano continuum terminal continuum

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Weak and generalized continuity (54C08) Continua and generalizations (54F15)

Review text

This is a continuation of the author's paper [Topol. Proc. 28, 229--239 (2004; Zbl 1081.54030)]. In the paper under review, the author adds a statement (part (1) in the following theorem) to the main theorem in the cited paper: Theorem 7. For a continuum \(X\), the following three statements are equivalent: (1) every connected real-valued function on \(X\) is a local connectivity function; (2) every connected real-valued function on \(X\) is a connectivity function; (3) every connected real-valued function on \(X\) is a Darboux function; (4) \(X\) is a dendrite such that each arc in \(X\) contains only finitely many branch points of \(X\). The author introduces a nice concept called \(\varepsilon\)-splitting set, and uses it to prove the following characterizations: Theorem 13. Let \(X\) be an arc-like continuum. Then the following statements are equivalent: (1) every real-valued local connectivity function on \(X\) is a connected function; (2) every real-valued local connectivity function on \(X\) is a Darboux function; (3) every real-valued local connectivity function on \(X\) is a connectivity function; (4) \(X\) is an arc. Theorem 17. Let \(X\) be a circle-like continuum. Then the following statements are equivalent; (1) every real-valued local connectivity function on \(X\) is a Darboux function; (2) every real-valued local connectivity function on \(X\) is a connectivity function; (3) \(X\) is a simple closed curve. A key result of this paper, which is used in most of the results is: Lemma 1. Let \(X\) be a Peano continuum. Then every local connectivity function from \(X\) to a topological space \(Y\) is a connected function. With these results the author gives partial answers to questions of J. Stallings, posed in 1959.

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