Local fields generated by 3-division points of elliptic curves.
Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(\mathbb{Q}_p\), \(E_3\) be the set of its 3-division points, \(K_p= \mathbb{Q}_p(E_3)\). The Galois group \(G\) of \(K_p\) over \(\mathbb{Q}_p\) can be regarded as a subgroup of the general linear group \(\text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\) over the finite field \( \mathbb{F}_3\). The author examines all Galois extensions of \(\mathbb{Q}_p\) generated by 3-division points of elliptic curves over the fields of \(p\)-adic numbers, determines all \(K_p\) which contain a primitive cubic root \(\zeta_3\) of unity such that \(\zeta_3^\sigma = \zeta_3^{ \text{det} \sigma}\) for \(\sigma \in G\), and investigates whether there exists for a subgroup \(G\subset \text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\) an elliptic curve \(E\) such that \(K_p = \mathbb{Q}_p(E_3)\). To this purpose all subgroups of \(\text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\) are enumerated up to conjugacy. As an application the author constructs \( \text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\)-extensions of \( \mathbb{Q}\) satisfying some decomposition conditions for given finitely many primes. More precisely, a triple \(\{G_p,I_p,V_p\}\) is called a ramification triple of \(\text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\) if the following conditions hold: 1) \(G_p\) is a subgroup of \(\text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\), and \(G_p \subset \text{SL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\) (resp. \(G_p \not \subset \text{SL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\)) for \( p \equiv 1 \pmod 3\) (resp. \(p\not \equiv 1 \pmod 3\)); 2) \(I_p\) is a normal subgroup and \(G_p/I_p\) is cyclic; 3) \(V_p\) is a normal subgroup, \(I_p/V_p\) is cyclic and the order \(| I_p/V_p| \) divides \(p^{| G_p/I_p| }-1\); 4) \(V_p\) is a \(p\)-group. With these notations the author proves the following theorem. Let \(S\) be a finite set of primes, and for \(p\in S\) let \(\{G_p,I_p,V_p\}\) be a ramification triple of \(\text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\). Suppose that \(| G_p/I_p| \) is even for \(p\not \equiv 1 \pmod 3\). Then there exist infinitely many Galois extensions \(K/\mathbb{Q}\) satisfying the following conditions: 1) \( \text{Gal}(K/ \mathbb{Q}) \simeq \text{GL}_2( \mathbb{F}_3)\); 2) \(\zeta_3^\sigma = \zeta_3^{ \text{det}\sigma}\) for \(\sigma \in \text{Gal}(K/ \mathbb{Q})\); for \(p\in S\), the decomposition (resp. inertia, wild ramification) group is conjugate to \(G_p\) (resp. \(I_p, V_p\)).
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