Local indicability of groups with homology circle presentations
A group \(G\) is locally indicable if each of its finitely generated non-trivial subgroups admits a homomorphism onto the infinite cyclic group \(\mathbb{Z}\).\N\NThis paper studies local indicability for groups admitting presentations with the homology of a circle and it develops a criterion that generalizes a two--relator result of \textit{J. Howie} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 289, 281--302 (1985; Zbl 0572.57001)]. For a deficiency \(1\) presentation \(P=\langle a_1,\dots,a_{k+2}\mid r_1,\dots,r_k,s\rangle\) with \(H_1(G)=\mathbb Z\), the authors associate to each relator \(r\) a multiset of minima \(m(r)\) (Definition~2.2), built from the minima of the total exponent sequence of initial subwords and introduce the notion of concatenable multisets (Definition~2.4). Theorem~2.5 shows that, when the relators are cyclically reduced, have total exponent \(0\) and \(m(r_1),\dots,m(r_k)\) are concatenable, then \(G\) is locally indicable; the proof follows Howie's approach in this more general setting. Theorem~2.9 removes the total-exponent-\(0\) hypothesis by working relative to a surjective homomorphism \(\varphi:G\to\mathbb Z\) and the corresponding multisets \(m_\varphi(r_i)\). For two-relator presentations, Definition 2.11 (unique relative minimum) yields the more flexible Corollary~2.12.\N\NThe methods are also extended to presentations with the homology of a wedge of circles: Theorem 2.18 treats a presentation \(P=\langle a_1,\dots,a_n\mid r_1,\dots,r_k\rangle\) with \(H_1(G)\) non-trivial free abelian of rank \(n-k\), assuming the family \(\{r_1,\dots,r_k\}\) is weakly concatenable (Definition 2.17). Corollary 3.1 proves that if \(\Gamma\) is a LOT and either \(I(\Gamma)\) or \(T(\Gamma)\) has at most one cycle, then \(G(\Gamma)\) is locally indicable, extending Howie's tree criterion. Corollary~3.3 gives an analogous statement for deficiency \(1\) Adian presentations under a positivity assumption on a surjection \(\varphi:G(P)\to\mathbb Z\). Finally, Theorem 3.6 proposes a strategy for LOTs with more than one cycle, using extended Nielsen transformations to reach a presentation to which Theorem~2.18 applies.
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