M-complete approximate identities in operator spaces

Geometry and structure of normed linear spaces (46B20) Spaces of operators; tensor products; approximation properties (46B28) General theory of (C^*)-algebras (46L05) Operator spaces and completely bounded maps (46L07)

Abstract: This work introduces the concept of an M-complete approximate identity (M-cai) for a given operator subspace X of an operator space Y. M-cai's generalize central approximate identities in ideals in

C^{*}

-algebras, for it is proved that if X admits an M-cai in Y, then X is a complete M-ideal in Y. It is proved, using ``special M-cai's, that if $c a l J$ is a nuclear ideal in a $C^{*}$ -algebra $c a l A$ , then $c a l J$ is completely complemented in Y for any (isomorphically) locally reflexive operator space Y with $c a l J s u b s e t Y s u b s e t c a l A$ and $Y / c a l J$ separable. (This generalizes the previously known special case where $Y = c a l A$ , due to Effros-Haagerup.) In turn, this yields a new proof of the Oikhberg-Rosenthal Theorem that $c a l K$ is completely complemented in any separable locally reflexive operator superspace, $c a l K$ the $C^{*}$ -algebra of compact operators on $e l l^{2}$ . M-cai's are also used in obtaining some special affirmative answers to the open problem of whether $c a l K$ is Banach-complemented in $c a l A$ for any separable $C^{*}$ -algebra $c a l A$ with $c a l K s u b s e t c a l A s u b s e t B (e l l^{2})$ . It is shown that if conversely X is a complete M-ideal in Y, then X admits an M-cai in Y in the following situations: (i) Y has the (Banach) bounded approximation property; (ii) Y is 1-locally reflexive and X is $l a m b d a$ -nuclear for some $l a m b d a g e 1$ ; (iii) X is a closed 2-sided ideal in an operator algebra Y (via the Effros-Ruan result that then X has a contractive algebraic approximate identity). However it is shown that there exists a separable Banach space X which is an M-ideal in $Y = X^{* *}$ , yet X admits no M-approximate identity in Y.

Review text

The present paper is devoted to the study of the notion of an M-complete approximate identity (M-cai) for a given operator subspace $X$ of an operator space $Y$. This generalizes a central approximate identities in ideals in $C^*$-algebras, for it is shown that if $X$ admits an M-cai in $Y$, then $X$ is a complete M-ideal in $Y$. For ${\mathcal J}$ is a nuclear ideal in a $C^*$-algebras ${\mathcal A}$ and for any locally reflexive operator space $Y$ such that ${\mathcal J} \subset Y \subset {\mathcal A}$ with $Y/{\mathcal J}$ separable it is proved that ${\mathcal J}$ is completele complemented in $Y$. This generalizes a result of Effros-Haagerup, which considered the case $Y = {\mathcal A}$. This yields a new proof of the Oikhberg-Rosenthal Theorem that the $C^*$-algebra of compact operators on $\ell^2$ is completely complemented in any separable locally reflexive operator superspace. It is shown that if $X$ is a complete M-ideal in $Y$ then $X$ admits an M-cai in $Y$ in the followong cases: i) $Y$ has the bounded approximation property; ii) $Y$ is 1-locally reflexive and $X$ is $\lambda$-nuclear for some $\lambda \geq 1$; iii) $X$ is a closed 2-sided ideal in an operator algebra $Y$.

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