Mathematical Analysis of Dynamic Models of Suspension Bridges

Equations in function spaces; evolution equations (58D25) Control/observation systems governed by partial differential equations (93C20) Lyapunov and other classical stabilities (Lagrange, Poisson, (L^p, l^p), etc.) in control theory (93D05)

Review text

The authors of this article present a model of a suspension bridge proposed by Lazer and McKenna which is given by a coupled system of PDEs of the form: \[ \begin{aligned} m_bz_{tt} +\alpha D^4 z-F(y-z) =f_1,\quad & x\in\Sigma \equiv (0,\ell),\;t\geq 0\\ m_cy_{tt} -\beta D^2 y+F(y-z) =f_2,\quad & x\in (0,\ell),\;t\geq 0,\end{aligned}\tag{1} \] where the first equation describes the vibration of the road bed in the vertical plain and the second equation describes the one of the main cable from which the road bed is suspended by tie cables. The boundary conditions are given by \[ \begin{matrix} z(t,0)= z(t,\ell)=0, & Dz(t,0)= Dz(t,\ell)=0\\ y(t,0)= y(t,\ell) =0 & \;\end{matrix} \tag{2} \] and the initial conditions are given by \[ \begin{matrix} z(0,x) =z_1(x), & z_t(0,x) =z_2(x), & x\in (0,\ell)\\ y(0,x) =y_1(x), & y_t(0,x) =y_2(x), & x\in (0,\ell). \end{matrix} \tag{3} \] In the absence of external forces \(f_1\) and \(f_2\) a suspension bridge is conservative. Considering the model (1) and including aerodynamic damping we obtain the system: \[ \begin{aligned} m_bz_{tt} +\alpha D^4 z-F(y-z)+ f_1(z_t) =0,\quad & x\in\Sigma \equiv (0,\ell),\;t\geq 0\\ m_cy_{tt} -\beta D^2y+ F(y-z)+ f_2(y_t)=0,\quad & x\in(0,\ell),\;t\geq 0\end{aligned}\tag{4} \] which is subject to the same boundary and initial conditions. It is shown that the system (4) is asymptotically stable with respect to the zero state. Defining the state variable as \[ \varphi(t)= {\varphi_1 (t)\choose \varphi_2 (t)}= {z(t,\cdot) \choose y(t,\cdot)} \] the authors reformulate the system (1) as an abstract second-order differential equation on the Hilbert space \(H=L_2 (\Sigma) \times L_2 (\Sigma)\) given by \[ (d^2/dt^2) \varphi+ A\varphi= F(t,\varphi),\;t\geq 0,\quad \varphi(0) =\varphi_{01},\;\dot \varphi (0)= \varphi_{02} \tag{5} \] and they prove a result on the existence, uniqueness, and regularity of solutions of the Cauchy problem (5). In the last part of the paper the authors present some simulation results and physical interpretations.

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