Maximal Sets of Involutions
Let \( U_{n} \) denote the group of all \( n \times n \) integral matrices with determinant \(\pm 1\). An element \( W \in U_{n} \) is called an involution if \( W^{2}=I \). The author characterizes the classes of involutions by the elementary divisor of the positive and negative subspaces in the sense of Dieudonné (However it seems to be enough to consider the elementary divisors of \( W-I) \). The author studies the maximal mutually commutative conjugate set of \( W \). The number of elements of the set is denoted by \( N(W) \). Besides some general results concerning the maximal set, he determines all non-equivalent conjugate sets for \( n=2,3 \) and 4.
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