Mergelyan pairs for harmonic functions
Let \(\Omega \) be an open subset of an Euclidean space \({\mathbb R}^{n}\) for \( n\geq 2\). Assume that \(E\subset \Omega \) is bounded and relatively closed in \(\Omega \). A Mergelyan pair for harmonic functions is a pair \((\Omega ,E)\) so that any harmonic function on \(\Omega \) whose restriction to \(E\) is uniformly continuous can be uniformly approximated by harmonic polynomials on \(K\cup E\) for every compact subset \(K\) of \(\Omega \). The author characterizes those pairs \((\Omega ,E)\) such that, for each harmonic function \(h\) on \(\Omega \) which is uniformly continuous on \(E\), there is a sequence of harmonic polynomials converging on \(E\) uniformly towards \(h\). Using this result the author presents a characterization of Mergelyan pairs for harmonic functions. The corresponding problem for holomorphic functions was solved by \textit{A. Stray} for a unit disc [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 44, 347-352 (1974; Zbl 0279.30040)] and by \textit{L. Brown} and \textit{A. L. Shields} for general plane domains [Duke Math. J. 42, 71-81 (1975; Zbl 0362.30042)].
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