Modular Vector Invariants of Cyclic Permutation Representations
This short note contains essentially one theorem which is as follows: Let \(p\) be a prime integer, \(\mathbb F\) a field of characteristic \(p\) and \(\tau_m : \mathbb Z /p \hookrightarrow \text{GL}(mp, \mathbb F)\) the \(m\)-fold direct sum of the regular representation of \(\mathbb Z /p\) over \(\mathbb F\). Then (i) the image of the trace homomorphism \(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /p} : \mathbb F [V] \to \mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /p}\) is a prime ideal of height \(m(p-1)\) in \(\mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /p}\), and (ii) \(\mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /p} /\text{Im}(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /p}) \cong \mathbb F[c_p(X_1), \ldots ,c_p(X_m)]\) is a polynomial algebra on the top orbit Chern classes \(c_p(X_1), \ldots ,c_p(X_m)\) of the \(m\) orbits \(X_1, \ldots , X_m\) of \(\mathbb Z /p\) on the dual standard basis for \(V^*\). Of particular interest is the case \(p=2\). In this instance, if we denote \(x_1, \ldots , x_m, y_1, \ldots ,y_m\) as the standard basis for the dual vector space \(V^*\) of \(V=\mathbb F^{2m}\), the above theorem simplifies to (i) \(\text{Im}(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /2})\) is a prime ideal of height \(m\) in \(\mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /2}\), and (ii) \(\mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /2} /\text{Im}(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /2}) \cong \mathbb F[q_1, \ldots ,q_m]\) is a polynomial algebra on the quadratic forms \(q_i=x_iy_i\), \(i=1, \ldots , m\). The point is that several unpleasant properties of vector invariants of finite groups are now consequences of the nice properties in the above theorem. For example, \(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /2}\) is not surjective, but the transfer homomorphism is surjective in the non-modular case. Also, when \(m > 3\), the rings \(\mathbb F [V]^{\mathbb Z /2} /\text{Im}(\text{Tr}^{\mathbb Z /2})\) are not Cohen-Macaulay nor are they generated by linear and quadratic forms as would be the case if the characteristic of \(\mathbb F\) were not 2. The results in this work have been generalized to other permutation representations in a paper by \textit{M. D. Neusel} and a paper by \textit{R. J. Shank} and \textit{D. L. Wehlau} [cf. J. Pure Appl. Appl. Algebra 142, No. 1, 63-77 (1999)].
- Vector invariants of \(U_ 2(\mathbb{F}_ p)\): A proof of a conjecture of Richman
- The transfer in the invariant theory of modular permutation representations.
- Modular vector invariants of cyclic group Z₂
- The Transfer in the Invariant Theory of Modular Permutation Representations II
- Weakly cyclic vectors with a given modulus
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