More reflections on compactness
Models of arithmetic and set theory (03C62) Several topologies on one set (change of topology, comparison of topologies, lattices of topologies) (54A10) Cardinality properties (cardinal functions and inequalities, discrete subsets) (54A25) Basic constructions in general topology (54B99) Compactness (54D30) Separability of topological spaces (54D65) Scattered spaces (54G12)
The authors consider the question of when \(X_M=X\), where \(X_M\) is the elementary submodel topology on \(X\cap M\), especially in the case when \(X_M\) is compact. This line of investigation was started in earlier papers of the second autor. Out of the many interesting results we cite the following: (a) Suppose that \(0^{\sharp}\) does not exist, \(\kappa \in M\), and \(X_M=X\). If \((X^{\kappa})_M\) is compact, then \((X^{\kappa})_M=X^{\kappa}=(X_M)^{\kappa}\). (b) Let \(X \in M\), with \(X_M\) compact and \(T_2\). If \(\chi (X) \leq \kappa\) and \(\kappa \subseteq M\), then \(X_M=X\). (c) Suppose \(2^{\omega}\subseteq M\). If \(X_M\) is compact, \(T_2\) and separable, then \(X=X_M\). (d) Let \(M\) be uncountable. Then \(\omega_{1} \subseteq M\) if and only if whenever \(X_M\) is compact, \(T_2\), separable and uncountable, then \(X\) is separable. (e) Suppose \(X_M\) is uncountable, compact, \(T_2\) and first countable. Then \(X=X_M\). (f) If \(X\) is a compact \(T_2\) scattered space, then \(X_M\) is compact for every elementary submodel \(M\) such that \(X \in M\). (g) Assume \(0^{\sharp}\) does not exist. Let \(A\) be a Boolean algebra. If \(A \cap M\) is complete and \(S(A)_M\) is compact, then \(A=A \cap M\).
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