Multiscale analysis of 1-rectifiable measures. II: Characterizations

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Abstract: A measure is 1-rectifiable if there is a countable union of finite length curves whose complement has zero measure. We characterize 1-rectifiable Radon measures mu in n-dimensional Euclidean space for all ngeq2 in terms of positivity of the lower density and finiteness of a geometric square function, which loosely speaking, records in an L2 gauge the extent to which mu admits approximate tangent lines, or has rapidly growing density ratios, along its support. In contrast with the classical theorems of Besicovitch, Morse and Randolph, and Moore, we do not assume an a priori relationship between mu and 1-dimensional Hausdorff measure. We also characterize purely 1-unrectifiable Radon measures, i.e. locally finite measures that give measure zero to every finite length curve. Characterizations of this form were originally conjectured to exist by P. Jones. Along the way, we develop an L2 variant of P. Jones' traveling salesman construction, which is of independent interest.



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