Wasserstein distance and the rectifiability of doubling measures. I

DOI10.1007/S00208-015-1206-ZMaRDI QIDQ2634870zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jonas Azzam, Guy David, Tatiana Toro

Publication date 10 February 2016

Published in Mathematische Annalen (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.6645

zbMATH Keywords

doubling measure Jones' numbers rectifiable measure Wasserstein distance

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Length, area, volume, other geometric measure theory (28A75) Hausdorff and packing measures (28A78)

Abstract: Let

m u

be a doubling measure in

m a t h b b R^{n}

. We investigate quantitative relations between the rectifiability of

m u

and its distance to flat measures. More precisely, for

x

in the support

S i g m a

of

m u

and

r > 0

, we introduce a number

a l p h a (x, r) i n (0, 1]

that measures, in terms of a variant of the

L^{1}

-Wasserstein distance, the minimal distance between the restriction of

m u

to

B (x, r)

and a multiple of the Lebesgue measure on an affine subspace that meets

B (x, r / 2)

. We show that the set of points of

S i g m a

where

i n t_{0}^{1} a l p h a (x, r) f r a c d r r < i n f t y

can be decomposed into rectifiable pieces of various dimensions. We obtain additional control on the pieces and the size of

m u

when we assume that some Carleson measure estimates hold. Soit

m u

une mesure doublante dans

m a t h b b R^{n}

. On 'etudie des relations quantifi'ees entre la rectifiabilit'e de

m u

et la distance entre

m u

et les mesures plates. Plus pr'ecis'ement, on utilise une variante de la

L^{1}

-distance de Wasserstein pour d'efinir, pour

x

dans le support

S i g m a

de

m u

et

r > 0

, un nombre

a l p h a (x, r)

qui mesure la distance minimale entre la restriction de

m u

`a

B (x, r)

et une mesure de Lebesgue sur un sous-espace affine passant par

B (x, r / 2)

. On d'ecompose l'ensemble des points

x i n S i g m a

tels que

i n t_{0}^{1} a l p h a (x, r) f r a c d r r < i n f t y

en parties rectifiables de dimensions diverses, et on obtient un meilleur contr^ole de ces parties et de la taille de

m u

quand les

a l p h a (x, r)

v'erifient certaines conditions de Carleson.

Review text

The authors consider the quantity \[ {\mathbb W}_{1}(\mu, \nu)=\sup\limits_{\psi}\left|\int\psi d\mu -\int\psi d\nu\right|, \] where \(\mu\) and \(\nu\) are measures in \({\mathbb R}^n\), whose restrictions on unit ball are probability measures, and the supremum is taken over all functions \(\psi: {\mathbb R}^{n}\mapsto {\mathbb R}\) such that \(|\psi(x) -\psi(y)|\leq |x-y|\). This value is a version of the \(L^{1}\)-Wasserstein distance. Let \(A(d,n)\) be the set of \(d\)-dimensional affine planes in \({\mathbb R}^n\), and \(A'(d,n)\) -- the set of planes \(V\in A(d,n)\) that intersect the ball with center at the origin and with radius \(1/2\). Let \(V\in A'(d,n)\), and \(\nu_V\) is normalized restriction of \(d\)-dimensional Hausdorff measure on intersection of \(V\) and this ball. The authors introduce numbers \[ \alpha_{d}(x, r)=\inf\{{\mathbb W}_{1}(\mu_{x,r}, \nu_{V}): V\in A'(d,n)\}, \] where \[ \mu_{x,r}(A)=\frac{\mu(x+rA)}{\mu(B(x,r))}, \] and \(B(x,r)\) is ball with center \(x\) and radius \(r\). The paper describes relations between rectifiability of measure \(\mu\) and rectifiability of its support in terms of the characteristics \(\alpha_{d}(x, r)\).

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