Non-commutative logic II: sequent calculus and phase semantics

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In Part I [Ann. Pure Appl. Logic 101, No. 1, 29-64 (2000; Zbl 0962.03054)], \textit{V. M. Abrusci} and the author introduced a non-commutative extension of the multiplicative fragment of linear logic, called ``non-commutative logic (NL). The discovery of the structure of an order variety (introduced by the author in his PhD thesis) was the crucial step towards NL sequent calculus. An order variety is a ternary relation which is a particular case of cyclic order: it also satisfies the so-called ``spreading condition. Every cyclic order \(\alpha\) on a set \(E\) induces a (binary) order relation \(\alpha_x\) (on \(E\)), for every element \(x\) of \(E\). Conversely, with every order on a set \(E\), one can associate its ``closure, which is a cyclic order on \(E\). But the spreading condition is necessary (and sufficient) to prove that every order variety \(\alpha\) on \(E\) is the closure of the parallel (resp. serial) composition of the two order relations \(\alpha_x\) and \(x\), for every \(x\) in \(E\). This is the key property of order varieties, which is (also) used to associate with every sequent of an NL sequent calculus proof an order variety: every rule corresponds to an operation on order varieties. In this paper, the sequent calculus is extended to the additive connectives and to the exponentials. This requires the study of the entropy relation between orders and the introduction of the series-parallel order varieties. Phase semantics is also introduced, and a cut-elimination theorem is proven semantically, in the spirit of previous work by \textit{M. Okada} [Theor. Comput. Sci. 227, No. 1-2, 333-396 (1999; Zbl 0951.03058)]. The notion of a proof-net introduced for the multiplicative fragment (in the previous work with Abrusci) cannot be easily extended to the full propositional fragment.











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