Nonlinear eigenvalue problem and singular variation of domains

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^ 2\) with a smooth boundary, \(\omega\in\Omega\) a given point, \(\Omega_ \varepsilon= \Omega\setminus \overline {B_ \varepsilon}\), where \(B_ \varepsilon\) is the ball with the radius \(\varepsilon\) centered at \(\omega\). Consider a fixed \(p\in(1,+\infty)\) and \(k>0\) and set \[ \lambda(\varepsilon)= \inf_{u\in X} \int_{\Omega_ \varepsilon} |\nabla u|^ 2 dx+k\int_{\partial B_ \varepsilon}u^ 2 d\sigma, \] \[ \lambda= \inf_{u\in Y} \int_ \Omega | u|^ 2 dx \] where \[ X=\{u\in H^ 1 (\Omega_ \varepsilon);\;u=0\text{ on } \partial\Omega,\;u\geq 0\text{ in } \Omega_ \varepsilon,\;\| u\|_{L_{p+1}(\Omega_ \varepsilon)} =1\}, \] \[ Y=\{u\in H_ 0^ 1 (\Omega);\;u\geq 0\text{ in } \Omega,\;\| u\|_{L_{p+1}(\Omega)} =1\}. \] The infimum \(\lambda(\varepsilon)\) and \(\lambda\) is attained in at least one \(u_ \varepsilon\) and \(u\), respectively, and these functions are solutions of the boundary value problems \[ -\Delta u_ \varepsilon= \lambda(\varepsilon) u_ \varepsilon^ p \text{ in } \Omega_ \varepsilon, \] \[ u_ \varepsilon=0 \text{ on } \partial \Omega,\;ku_ \varepsilon+{{\partial u_ \varepsilon} \over {\partial\nu}}=0 \text{ on } \partial B_ \varepsilon \] and \[ -\Delta u=\lambda u^ p \text{ in } \Omega, \qquad u=0\text{ on }\partial\Omega. \] Under the assumption of the unicity and certain further properties of \(u_ \varepsilon,u\) for small \(\varepsilon\), it is proved that \[ \lambda(\varepsilon)- \lambda= 2\pi k\varepsilon u(\omega)^ 2+ o(\varepsilon). \]

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