Notes on generalized continuity

almost continuity almost continuous functions closure continuity closure continuous functions decomposition of continuity weak continuity weakly continuous functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Topological spaces and generalizations (closure spaces, etc.) (54A05) Continuous maps (54C05) Weak and generalized continuity (54C08)

Review text

There are many weakened forms of continuity in mathematics. In general they may be divided in two classes. One of them involves the concept of generalized open sets (semi-open, preopen, \(\alpha\)-open, \(\beta\)-open, etc.). The second one deals with the notion of an operation on a topological space. In particular in this class are contained weak continuity and weak* continuity [\textit{N. Levine}, Am. Math. Mon. 68, 44-46 (1961; Zbl 0100.18601)], almost continuity [\textit{M. K. Singal} and \textit{A. R. Singal}, Yokohama Math. J. 16, 63-73 (1968; Zbl 0191.20802)], closure continuity [\textit{D. R. Andrew} and \textit{E. K. Whittlesy}, Am. Math. Mon. 73, 758-759 (1966; Zbl 0145.19404)], closed \(\beta\)-continuity [\textit{J. Tong}, Rend. Circ. Mat. Palermo, II. Ser. 43, No. 2, 303-308 (1994; Zbl 0818.54009)], etc. In this paper two general forms of continuities are introduced. Let \((X,{\mathcal T})\) be a topological space and \(\alpha:{\mathcal T}\to{\mathcal P}(X)\) a mapping, where \({\mathcal P}(X)\) denotes the power-set of \(X\). Let \(A\subset X\), we say that \(A\) is \(T^{(\alpha)}\) open set if for every \(x\in A\) there exists a \(U\in{\mathcal T}\) such that \(x\in U\) and \(\alpha(U)\subset A\). The family of all \(T^{(\alpha)}\) open sets is denoted by \({\mathcal T}^{(\alpha)}\). \(\alpha\) is enlarging if \(U\subset \alpha(U)\) for every \(U\in{\mathcal T}\). Let \((X,{\mathcal T})\) and \((Y,{\mathcal S})\) be two topological spaces, \(f(X,{\mathcal T})\to (Y,{\mathcal S})\) a mapping; \(\alpha,\delta:{\mathcal T}\to{\mathcal P}(X)\); \(\beta,\gamma:{\mathcal S}\to{\mathcal P}(Y)\), \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) enlarging. The mapping \(f\) is \((\alpha,\delta; \beta,\gamma)\)-continuous if for every \(x\in X\) and \(V\in{\mathcal S}^{(\beta)}\) such that \(f(x)\in V\), there exists a \(U\in {\mathcal T}^{(\alpha)}\) such that \(x\in U\) and \(f(\delta(U)) \subset \gamma(V)\). Continuous functions, weakly continuous functions, almost continuous functions, closure continuous functions are particular cases of this definition. A mapping \(f:(X,{\mathcal T})\to (Y,{\mathcal S})\) is said to be \((\alpha, \beta, \gamma)\)-continuous, where \(\beta\) is enlarging, if for each \(V\in {\mathcal S}^{(\beta)}\), \(f^{-1} (\gamma(V)) \subset{\mathcal T}^{(\alpha)}\). Continuous functions, weakly* continuous functions, closed \(\beta\)-continuous functions are particular cases of this definition. The relationships between these notions are examined. In addition, a general setting for the decomposition of continuities is given.

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