Numerical methods for elliptic inverse problems

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The author purposes a finite element approach combined with the output least squares method for identifying the unknown coefficient \(q(x)\) in the elliptic equation \[ -\nabla\cdot(q(x)\nabla u(x))= f(x)\quad\text{in }\Omega;\quad u(x)= 0\quad\text{on }\Gamma. \] The identifying process is carried out in a way that the solution \(u\) matches its observation data \(z\) optimally in the energy norm. The physical domain \(\Omega\) can be any bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^d\) \((d\geq 1)\), with piecewise smooth boundary \(\Gamma\) and \(f\in H^{-1}(\Omega)\) is a given source term. Identifying physical parameters in the elliptic boundary value problem above is formulated as a constrained minimization problem using the output least squares method with the \(H^1\)-regularization or the BV-regularization. The contrained minimization problem is then discretized by finite element methods and the discretization is shown to be convergent for both regularizations. The finite element minimization problem is proved to be equivalent to a sequence of unconstrained minimization problems and these unconstrained systems are solved by the Armijo-type algorithm. Numerical experiments are given which show that the algorithm is globally convergent and works well also for identifying highly discontinuous and oscillated parameters.




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