ON ESSENTIAL STRONG-NILPOTENCY OF γ-RINGS

Let \(M\) be a \(\Gamma\)-ring and suppose that \(I\) is a \(\Gamma\)-subring of \(M\). If \(K\vartriangleleft M\) and \(K\subseteq I\), then \(K\) is called \(M\)-essential in \(I\) if \(0\neq H\vartriangleleft M\) and \(H\subseteq I\) implies \(K\cap I\neq 0\). \(I\vartriangleleft M\) is called an essential strongly nilpotent ideal if there is a strongly nilpotent ideal \(N\) of \(M\) contained in \(I\) such that \(N\) is \(M\)-essential in \(I\). In particular, if \(M\) contains an essential strongly nilpotent ideal, then it is called an essential strongly nilpotent \(\Gamma\)-ring. Every \(\Gamma\)-ring \(M\) contains a largest essential strongly nilpotent ideal, denoted \(\text{NE}(M)\), the NE-radical of \(M\). It is shown that if \(M\) satisfies the condition \(Mx=0\) implies \(x=0\) for all \(x\in M\), then \(M\) is essential strongly nilpotent if and only if its right operator ring is essential nilpotent. If \(M\) satisfies the condition \(x\in MxM\) for all \(x\in M\), then \(M\) is essential strongly nilpotent iff the \(\Gamma_{nm}\)-ring \(M_{mn}\) is strongly nilpotent. This leads to a natural relationship between the NE-radicals of \(M\) and \(M_{mn}\). If \(M\) is a \(\Gamma_N\)-ring, then the ring \(M_2=\left[\begin{smallmatrix} R &\Gamma\\ M &L\end{smallmatrix}\right]\) is essentially nilpotent if and only if \(M\) is essential strongly nilpotent. This allows a complete characterization of the essentially nilpotent radical of \(M_2\) in the case that \(M\) has left and right unities.

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