On Fatou sets containing Baker omitted value

DOI10.1007/S10884-021-10060-YMaRDI QIDQ6174777zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors Subhasis Ghora, Tarakanta Nayak, Satyajit Sahoo

Publication date 17 August 2023

Published in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.09797

zbMATH Keywords

Baker omitted valueFatou setHerman ringstranscendental meromorphic functions

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Meromorphic functions of one complex variable (general theory) (30D30) Dynamics of complex polynomials, rational maps, entire and meromorphic functions; Fatou and Julia sets (37F10) Critical orbits for holomorphic dynamical systems (37F12) Combinatorics and topology in relation with holomorphic dynamical systems (37F20)

Abstract: An omitted value of a transcendental meromorphic function $f$ is called a Baker omitted value, in short extit{bov} if there is a disk $D$ centered at the bov such that each component of the boundary of $f^{-1}(D)$ is bounded. Assuming that the bov is in the Fatou set of $f$, this article investigates the dynamics of the function. Firstly, the connectivity of all the Fatou components are determined. If $U$ is the Fatou component containing the bov then it is proved that a Fatou component $U^{\prime }$ is infinitely connected if and only if it lands on $U$, i.e. $f^k(U^{\prime })subsetU$ for some $kgeq1$. Every other Fatou component is either simply connected or lands on a Herman ring. Further, assuming that the number of critical points in the Fatou set whose forward orbits do not intersect $U$ is finite, we have shown that the connectivity of each Fatou component belongs to a finite set. This set is independent of the Fatou components. It is proved that the Fatou component containing the bov is completely invariant whenever it is forward invariant. Further, if the invariant Fatou component is an attracting domain and compactly contains all the critical values of the function then the Julia set is totally disconnected. Baker domains are shown to be non-existent whenever the bov is in the Fatou set. It is also proved that, if there is a $2$-periodic Baker domain (these are not ruled out when the bov is in the Julia set), or a $2$-periodic attracting or parabolic domain containing the bov then the function has no Herman ring. Some examples exhibiting different possibilities for the Fatou set are discussed. This includes the first example of a meromorphic function with an omitted value which has two infinitely connected Fatou components.

Review text

This paper focuses on dynamics of meromorphic functions with Baker omitted values. An omitted value \(b\), say \textit{bov}, of a transcendental meromorphic function \(f\) is called a Baker omitted value, if there is a disk \(D\) centered at the \textit{bov} such that each component of the boundary of \(f^{-1}(D)\) is bounded. Note that if a map has a \textit{bov}, then it must be the limit of critical values, therefore the map has infinitely singular values. The first part of the paper concerns the connectivity of Fatou components. If \(f\) has a \textit{bov} \(b\) and \(b\) is in the Fatou component \(U\), then a Fatou component of \(f\) is infinitely connected if and only if it lands on \(U\). Further, every other Fatou component is either simply connected or lands on a Herman ring. As the \textit{bov} \(b\) is the limit of infinitely many critical point, the grand orbit of \(U\) contains infinitely critical points. Under further assumption that the number of critical points not in the grand orbit of \(U\) is finite, the connectivity of Fatou components landing on a Herman ring is bounded, and the bound only depends the multiplicity of the critical points not in the grand orbit of \(U\). If a connected component of Fatou set is multiple connected, then the Julia set must be disconnected. Then the next part of the paper concerns the case when the Julia set is totally connected. That is, if \(b\in U\), where is \(U\) is an invariant attracting or parabolic basin, and all critical value are compactly contained in it then the Julia set is totally disconnected. The last part of the paper focuses on the existence of a Baker domain and a Herman ring. It is found that: (1) If the box \(b\) is in the Fatou set, there is no Baker domain; (2) If \(f\) has a \(2\)-periodic Fatou component which is either a Baker domain or an attracting domain or a parabolic domain containing \(b\), then there is no Herman ring.

Recommendations

• Rotation domains and stable Baker omitted value
• Omitted values and dynamics of meromorphic functions
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Cited in

(4)

• Rotation domains and stable Baker omitted value
• On connectivity of Julia sets of transcendental meromorphic maps and weakly repelling fixed points II
• Sum of the exponential and a polynomial: singular values and Baker wandering domains
• Dynamical behavior of meromorphic solutions for certain complex difference equations

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