On Finite Element Approximation of a Second Order Unilateral Variational Inequality

Let \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^ 2\) be a bounded, convex, polygonal domain with boundary \(\Gamma\) and let \(K=\{v\in H^{1,2}(\Omega): v\geq 0 \text{ on }\Gamma\}\). The solution of the unilateral problem is defined to be the minimum of the variational integral \(\int_{\Omega}\{|\nabla v|^ 2+| v|^ 2-2fv\}dx\) under the restriction \(v\in K\). The standard finite element method is obtained by minimizing the variational integral over a corresponding set \(K_ h\) consisting of continuous piecewise linear shape functions defined on a triangulation of \(\Omega\) and satisfying the condition \(v_ h(P)\geq 0\) for all mesh points \(P\) on \(\Gamma\). It is proved that the error estimate \(\| u- u_ h\|_{1,2}\leq ch\| f\|_ p\), \(p>2\), holds without assuming any conditions on the coincidence set \(\{x\in \Gamma: u(x)=0\}\).

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