On Graphs of a Finite Full Transformation Semigroup
For \(n\geq 2\), let \(\mathcal{T}_{n}\) denote the full transformation semigroup on \(X_{n}=\{1,\ldots ,n\}\) and let \(\pi \) denote the constant map defined by \(x\pi =1\) for all \(x\in X_{n}\). Then consider the sets \N\[\N\begin{array}{l} L=\{ \alpha\in \mathcal{T}_{n}:\alpha\beta=\pi \mbox{ for some }\beta\in \mathcal{T}_{n} \setminus\{\pi\} \}, \\\NR=\{ \alpha\in \mathcal{T}_{n}:\gamma\alpha=\pi \mbox{ for some }\ \gamma\in \mathcal{T}_{n}\setminus\{\pi\} \}, \\\NT=L\cap R\quad \text{ and }\quad Z=L\cup R. \end{array}\N\]\NThe author defines two undirected simple graphs, denoted by \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\), whose vertices are \(V(\Gamma)=T\setminus \{\pi\}\) and \(V(\Omega)= Z\setminus \{\pi\}\) and two distinct vertices \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\) in \(V(\Gamma)\) (and also in \(V(\Omega)\)) are adjacent if and only if \(\alpha\beta=\pi\) or \(\alpha\beta=\pi\). In this paper, some properties of both \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\) are investigated. In particular, it is shown that both \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\) are connected and moreover, some important results obtained in the paper are as follows:\N\begin{itemize}\N\item The diameters of \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\) are \(3\) and \(4\), respectively.\N\item The girths of both \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\) are the same and \(3\).\N\item The dominating numbers of both \(\Gamma\) and \(\Omega\) are the same and \(n-1\).\N\end{itemize}
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