On a theorem of Ax

DOI10.1090/S0002-9939-04-07651-8MaRDI QIDQ3155926zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Shulim Kaliman

Publication date 5 January 2005

Published in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-04-07651-8

zbMATH Keywords

automorphismsde Rham cohomologyendomorphismsZariski main theorem

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Schemes and morphisms (14A15) Birational automorphisms, Cremona group and generalizations (14E07) Affine spaces (automorphisms, embeddings, exotic structures, cancellation problem) (14R10)

Review text

It is a remarkable fact about algebraic varieties over an algebraically closed field that any injective endomorphism is surjective. This follows from Proposition 10.4.11 of \textit{A. Grothendieck} [Éléments de géométrie algébrique, IV.: Étude locale des schémas et des morphismes de schémas. Publ. Math., Inst. Hautes Études Sci. 28 (1966; Zbl 0144.19904)] and was also proved by \textit{J. Ax} [Pac. J. Math. 31, 1--7 (1969; Zbl 0194.52001)] (note that the result also generalizes to schemes). \textit{A. Borel} [Arch. Math. 20, 531--537 (1969; Zbl 0189.21402)] and Y. Kawamata [cf. \textit{S. Iitaka}, in: Complex Anal. algebr. Geom., Collect. Pap. dedic. K. Kodaira, 175--189 (1977; Zbl 0351.14016)] gave different proofs in characteristic \(0\), using a cohomological argument. M. Myianishi conjectured that the assumption can be considerably weakened to injectivity on a complement of a codimension two subset. The author proves this for affine and complete varieties in characteristic \(0\). Theorem. Let \(\varphi : X \to X\) be an endomorphism of an either affine or complete algebraic variety \(X\) over an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(0\), and let \(E\) be a closed subvariety of \(X\) of codimension at least \(2\). Suppose that the restriction of \(\varphi\) to \(X \setminus E\) is injective. Then \(\varphi\) is an automorphism. The proof is surprisingly straightforward, using just Zariski's main theorem and a cohomological argument which follows the idea of Kawamata [loc. cit.]. Moreover, a counterexample for a non-separated scheme \(X\) is given.

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Cites work

• Algebraic De Rham cohomology
• Endomorphisms of symbolic algebraic varieties
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3545801 (Why is no real title available?)
• Injective endomorphisms of algebraic varieties
• Injective endomorphisms of varieties and schemes

Cited in

(14)

• Endomorphisms of symbolic algebraic varieties
• A fixed-point theorem for endomorphisms of the projective space with applications to algebraic foliations
• Characterizing smooth affine spherical varieties via the automorphism group
• Injective endomorphisms of algebraic and analytic sets
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1440948 (Why is no real title available?)
• Continuous automorphisms of Cremona groups
• On Endomorphisms of Algebraic Varieties
• About counterexamples for generalized Zariski cancellation problem
• A regular interpolation problem and its applications
• On surjective quadratic maps of \(\mathbb{P}^2 \)
• On Miyanishi conjecture for quasi-projective varieties
• On the injective self-maps of algebraic varieties
• Varieties characterized by their endomorphisms
• G-endomorphisms of affine G-varieties which induce automorphisms of the invariant subrings of the coordinate rings

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