On automorphism groups of countable structures

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Let \(L\) be a countable first-order language, \(M\) be a countable \(L\)-structure and \(\Aut(M)\) be the group of all automorphisms of \(M\), endowed with a canonical Polish topology. \textit{D. W. Kueker} [Lect. Notes Math. 72, 152-165 (1968; Zbl 0235.02018)] proved that if \(\Aut(M)\) is countable, then there is no uncountable model of the Scott sentence of \(M\). The main result of the reviewed paper is the following theorem: The following are equivalent: 1. There is no uncountable model of the Scott sentence of \(M\). 2. \(\Aut(M)\) admits a compatible left-invariant complete metric. 3. There is no \(L_{\omega_1\omega}\)-elementary embedding from \(M\) into itself which is not onto.











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