On complemented radicals

complemented radicals direct sums of simple rings essential covers generalized polynomial identities lattices of radicals matrix rings over finite fields semisimple classes special radicals subdirect products

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Prime and semiprime associative rings (16N60) General radicals and associative rings (16N80)

Review text

The authors obtain an explicit description of complemented radicals in the lattice of all radicals. It follows from their description that a radical \(\alpha\) is complemented in the lattice of all radicals if and only if either \(\alpha\) or its complement is a special radical determined by a finite family of matrix rings over finite fields. An ideal \(I\) of a ring \(A\) is essential if it has a nonzero intersection with any nonzero ideal of \(A\). Given an abstract class \(\alpha\) and a ring \(A\) with an ideal \(I\), then \(I\) is an \(\alpha\)-ideal if \(I\in\alpha\). Set \({\mathcal E}\alpha=\{A\mid A\) has an essential \(\alpha\)-ideal\}. The class \({\mathcal E}\alpha\) is called the essential cover of \(\alpha\). Denote the semisimple class of \(\alpha\) by \({\mathcal S}\alpha\). The authors study radicals \(\alpha\) satisfying one of the following conditions: (I) If \(A\) is a subdirect product of rings belonging to \({\mathcal E}\alpha\), then \(\alpha(A)\neq 0\). (II) If \(A\) is a subdirect product of rings belonging to \({\mathcal E}\alpha\), then \(\alpha(A)\) is an essential ideal of \(A\). The authors obtain four results about such rings: 1. If a radical \(\alpha\) satisfies (I), then either \(\alpha\) or \({\mathcal S}\alpha\) satisfies some proper polynomial identity. 2. If a radical \(\alpha\) satisfies (II), then either every finitely generated \(\alpha\)-semisimple ring is a direct sum of a finite number of matrix rings over finite fields, or for every finitely generated ring \(R\) there exists a central idempotent \(e\in R\) such that \(\alpha(R)=eR\). Furthermore, \(\alpha\) is complemented in the lattice of all radicals. 3. The authors give an explicit description of radicals \(\alpha\) with semisimple \({\mathcal E}\alpha\). They show that \({\mathcal E}\alpha\) is semisimple if and only if \(\alpha\) is hereditary and satisfies (I). 4. They obtain an explicit description of radicals \(\alpha\) such that every finitely generated \(\alpha\)-semisimple ring is a direct sum of simple rings.

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